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LF f(20-30) modified [id=LFB0114]

Synonym: B6

Producer Organism : Native Protein : Production Method :
Cow Lactoferrin (LF) Synthetic
Activity : Antibacterial
Target Organisms :

Gram-positive: Bacillus subtilis (MIC=15 µg/ml).

Gram-negative: Escherichia coli O111 (MIC=30 µg/ml).

Description :
Production method: Synthetic.

First and second residues replaced with lysine.
To investigate the peptide structure-biological activity relationships, bovine lactoferricin, its basic amino acid-rich region (LFB0109) and their analogues were synthesized . LFB0109 and its substituted peptides (LFB0112, LFB0113, LFB0114, LFB0115, LFB0116, LFB0117) also had similar antimicrobial activity compared to the long peptides (LFB0086 and LFB0090). The short peptides (LFB0109, LFB0113 and LFB0115) with double arginines at the N-termini had more potent antimicrobial activity than those (LFB0112 and LFB0114) with lysine. However, no antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were found inLFB0116, in which all basic amino acids were substituted with glutamic acid, and in LFB0117, in which all hydrophobic amino acids were substituted with alanine (Citation: 1).
Length : 11 Mass (Da): 1 489.21 Common Amino Acids : K
Isolectric Point : 12 Net Charge : 5 Absent Amino Acids : ACDEFHINPSTVY
Basic Residues : 5 Acidic Residues : 0 Hydrophobic Residues : 3
Polar Residues : 1 Boman Index : -29.79 Hydropathy Index : -1.827
Aliphatic Index : 35.45 Instability Index : 0 Extinction Coefficient : 11000
Absorbance 280nm : 1100

Wheel representation

Hydrophobicity plot

Red solid plot : values according to the hydrophobicity scale of Kyte and Doolittle (reference paper).
Yellow dashed plot : Experimentally determined hydrophobicity scale for proteins at membrane interfaces(reference paper).
Green dotted-dashed plot : prediction of transmembrane helices (reference paper). In this scale (unlike the others), more negative values reflect greater hydrophobicity.

Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) 


                      1 [        .         .         . ] 32
  1 LFBNATIVE 100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFALECIRA   
  2 LFB0017   100.0%    FKCRRWQWR-----------------------   
  3 LFB0043    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRAKKLGA-----------------   
  4 LFB0052    86.7%    FKCWRWQWRWKKLGA-----------------   
  5 LFB0037    93.3%    FKCARWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
  6 LFB0040    93.3%    FKCRRWAWRMKKLGA-----------------   
  7 LFB0038    93.3%    FKCRAWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
  8 LFB0088    96.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAE-------   
  9 LFB0039    93.3%    FKCRRAQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 10 LFB0062    93.3%    FKCRRAQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 11 LFB0072    93.3%    FKCRRAQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 12 LFB0075    93.3%    FKCRRAQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 13 LFB0078    93.3%    FKCRRAQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 14 LFB0064    86.7%    FKCRRAQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 15 LFB0117    54.5%    ---RRAAARAKKAG------------------   
 16 LFB0080    86.7%    FKCRRAQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 17 LFB0074    86.7%    FKCRRAQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 18 LFB0077    86.7%    FKCRRAQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 19 LFB0056    93.3%    FKCRRFQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 20 LFB0059    93.3%    FKCRRFQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 21 LFB0053    93.3%    FKCRRFQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 22 LFB0081    93.3%    FKCRRFQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 23 LFB0055    86.7%    FKCRRFQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 24 LFB0058    86.7%    FKCRRFQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 25 LFB0061    86.7%    FKCRRFQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 26 LFB0083    86.7%    FKCRRFQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 27 LFB0041    93.3%    FKCRRWQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 28 LFB0063    93.3%    FKCRRWQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 29 LFB0076    93.3%    FKCRRWQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 30 LFB0079    93.3%    FKCRRWQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 31 LFB0073    93.3%    FKCRRWQARMKKLGA-----------------   
 32 LFB0060    93.3%    FKCRRWQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 33 LFB0082    93.3%    FKCRRWQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 34 LFB0057    93.3%    FKCRRWQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 35 LFB0054    93.3%    FKCRRWQFRMKKLGA-----------------   
 36 LFB0042    93.3%    FKCRRWQWAMKKLGA-----------------   
 37 LFB0115    81.8%    ---RRWQRWMKKLG------------------   
 38 LFB0033   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 39 LFB0032   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 40 LFB0031   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 41 LFB0050    86.7%    FKWRRWQWRMKKLWA-----------------   
 42 LFB0051    80.0%    FKWRRWWWRMKKLWA-----------------   
 43 LFB0049    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLWA-----------------   
 44 LFB0018   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRM----------------------   
 45 LFB0020   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMK---------------------   
 46 LFB0045    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRMKALGA-----------------   
 47 LFB0044    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRMAKLGA-----------------   
 48 LFB0097   100.0%    ---RRWQWR-----------------------   
 49 LFB0030   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLG------------------   
 50 LFB0087   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF-------   
 51 LFB0024    54.5%    YKAWRWAWRWK---------------------   
 52 LFB0025    54.5%    YKAWRWAWRWK---------------------   
 53 LFB0027    36.4%    YRMWRWAWRWR---------------------   
 54 LFB0028    36.4%    YRMWRWRWRWR---------------------   
 55 LFB0026    36.4%    YRAWRWAWRWR---------------------   
 56 LFB0023    63.6%    YKARRWAWRWK---------------------   
 57 LFB0022    72.7%    YKARRWAWRMK---------------------   
 58 LFB0021    81.8%    FKARRWAWRMK---------------------   
 59 LFB0019    90.0%    FKARRWQWRM----------------------   
 60 LFB0036    93.3%    FKARRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 61 LFB0070    93.3%    FKARRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 62 LFB0069    93.3%    FKARRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 63 LFB0068    93.3%    FKARRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 64 LFB0065    93.3%    FKARRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 65 LFB0106   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 66 LFB0029    45.5%    RRWYRWAWRMR---------------------   
 67 LFB0118   100.0%    ----RWQWRM----------------------   
 68 LFB0113    81.8%    ---RRWQWRMRRLG------------------   
 69 LFB0112    72.7%    ---KKWQWKMKKLG------------------   
 70 LFB0114    81.8%    ---KKWQWRMKKLG------------------   
 71 LFB0116    54.5%    ---EEWQWEMEELG------------------   
 72 LFB0048    93.3%    FKWRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 73 LFB0090    92.0%    FKSRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITSVRRAF-------   
 74 LFB0110    18.2%    ----RRWQWRMKKLG-----------------   
 75 LFB0067    93.3%    FKFRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 76 LFB0071    93.3%    FKFRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 77 LFB0066    93.3%    FKFRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 78 LFB0108   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKKL-------------------   
 79 LFB0102   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 80 LFB0034    93.3%    AKCRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 81 LFB0111   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKKLG------------------   
 82 LFB0104   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 83 LFB0035    93.3%    FACRRWQWRMKKLGA-----------------   
 84 LFB0109   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKKLG------------------   
 85 LFB0101   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 86 LFB0046    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRMKKAGA-----------------   
 87 LFB0107   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 88 LFB0100   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 89 LFB0047    93.3%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLAA-----------------   
 90 LFB0098   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 91 LFB0105   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 92 LFB0103   100.0%    ---RRWQWRMKK--------------------   
 93 LFB0086   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF-------   
 94 LFB0089   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF-------   
 95 LFB0085   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF-------   
 96 LFB0084   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAF-------   
 97 LFB0092   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFA------   
 98 LFB0095   100.0%    -KCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCV-----------   
 99 LFB0096   100.0%    --CRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCV-----------   

100 LFB0093   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFAL-----   

101 LFB0091   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFA------   

102 LFB0119   100.0%    ----------KKLGAPSITCVRRAFA------   
103 LFB0120   100.0%    -------------GAPSITCVRRAF-------   

104 LFB0121   100.0%    ----------------------------CIRA   
105 LFB0094   100.0%    FKCRRWQWRMKKLGAPSITCVRRAFALECIR-

Citation: 1

Structure-biological activity relationships of 11-residue highly basic peptide segment of bovine lactoferrin

Cited Entries: LFB0086, LFB0090, LFB0109, LFB0112, LFB0113, LFB0114, LFB0115, LFB0116, LFB0117

Authors:Kang, J.H., Lee, M.K., Kim, K.L., Hahm, K.S.
Journal: International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research 1996, 48(4).
Abstract: The antimicrobial peptide, lactoferricin, is generated upon the gastric pepsin cleavage of lactoferrin and has many basic and hydrophobic amino acid residues essential for its biological activity. To investigate the structure-antimicrobial activity relationships, the basic amino acid-rich region of bovine lactoferricin (BLFC), RRWQWRMKKLG, was selected. Using chemically synthesized BLFC and its substituted peptides, the antimicrobial activities of the peptides were tested by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and the disruption of the outer cell membrane of E. coli, and the peptide's toxicities were assayed by hemolysis. The short peptide (B3) composed of only 11 residues had similar antimicrobial activities while losing most of the hemolytic activities as compared with the 25 residue-long ones (B1 and B2). The short peptides (B3, B5 and B7) with double arginines at the N-termini had more potent antimicrobial activity than those (B4 and B6) with lysine. However, no antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were found in B8, in which all basic amino acids were substituted with glutamic acid, and in B9, in which all hydrophobic amino acids were substituted with alanine. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the short peptides in 30 mM SDS were correlated with their antimicrobial activities. These results suggested that the 11-residue peptide of BLFC is involved in the interaction with bacterial phospholipid membranes and plays an important role in antimicrobial activity with little or no hemolytic activity.
Keywords: antimicrobial activity; bovine lactoferrin; CD spectra; hemolysis; Lactoferricin

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